Soil Resources
Class 10
Chapter at a Glance
Types of Soil
Alluvial Soil
1. This soil is formed by the sediments brought down by rivers.
2. Rich in minerals especially potash and lime.
3. Poor in nitrogen and humus.
4. Inland alluvium in Punjab, Haryana, U.P., Bihar, West Bengal, parts of Gujarat and Rajasthan.
5. Deltaic alluvium in the deltas of Ganga- Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri.
6. Coastal alluvium along the coastal strips of the Pennisula.
7. Suitable for growing rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, gram and oilseeds.
Black Soil
1. Residual soil formed by weathering of lava rocks.
2. Mainly found in Maharastra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and parts of Tamil Naidu.
3. Rich in lime, Magnesium
4. Poor in phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter.
5. Formed due to weathering of volcanic rocks (basalt)
6. Suitable for growing cotton, sugarcane, oilseeds, etc.
Red soil
1. Red soil formed by prolonged weathering of crystalline rocks.
2. Mainly found in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, South-East Maharastra, Chhattisgarh, parts of odisha, Jharkhand
3. Red in colour due to large amounts of iron-oxides
4. Poor in nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter.
5. Suitable for growing vegetables, rice, ragi, tobacco, groundnut and potatoes.
Alluvial Soil
1. This soil is formed by the sediments brought down by rivers.
2. Rich in minerals especially potash and lime.
3. Poor in nitrogen and humus.
4. Inland alluvium in Punjab, Haryana, U.P., Bihar, West Bengal, parts of Gujarat and Rajasthan.
5. Deltaic alluvium in the deltas of Ganga- Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri.
6. Coastal alluvium along the coastal strips of the Pennisula.
7. Suitable for growing rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, gram and oilseeds.
Black Soil
1. Residual soil formed by weathering of lava rocks.
2. Mainly found in Maharastra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and parts of Tamil Naidu.
3. Rich in lime, Magnesium
4. Poor in phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter.
5. Formed due to weathering of volcanic rocks (basalt)
6. Suitable for growing cotton, sugarcane, oilseeds, etc.
Red soil
1. Red soil formed by prolonged weathering of crystalline rocks.
2. Mainly found in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, South-East Maharastra, Chhattisgarh, parts of odisha, Jharkhand
3. Red in colour due to large amounts of iron-oxides
4. Poor in nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter.
5. Suitable for growing vegetables, rice, ragi, tobacco, groundnut and potatoes.