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History - Period of Transition

Introduction :
The 1400s mark the end of the Middle Ages.
• Life in 14th century Europe had been difficult, with wars, peasant revolts and the Black Death.
• The old medieval order was dying, and people were seeking something new.
• In medieval times, the Church had dominated the arts, education and learning. People had accepted what they were told, without asking questions.
• Then, in the 14th century, Italian scholars began to take an interest in the writings of the ancient Greeks and Romans ideas that passed into Europe from Byzantium and the Arab world.

History in most countries is classified into three periods
- Ancient
- Medieval
- Modern

Each period has some characteristics
- Political
-Social and Religious
- Economic

TRANSITION FROM MEDIEVAL TO MODERN AGE :-
The transformation began in Italy, and it included new style of art, andnew ways of living.
• This period and the changes it brought are now known as theRenaissance, meaning "rebirth".
• The period saw a great increase in trade and wealth.
• The Renaissance affected art and science, architecture and sculpture. Ideas became more realistic, more human and less dominated by religion.
• Paintings and statues were more lifelike, music explored new feelings. and books asked real-life questions.
• Artists and writers were seen as important figures in society and they were supported by nobles and landlords.
• Printed books helped to spread new ideas. Scholars began asking questions about society, laws, philosophy and region.
• The Renaissance reached its peak in the 16th century, mainly in cities such as Venice, Florence, Antwerp and Haarlem.